1. a) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (1, 5), (2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (2, 5), (3, 3), (3, 4), (3, 5), (4, 4), (4, 5), (5, 5) } Reflexive: \forall x. (x, x) \in R Antisymmetric (& not symmetric): all pairs have x <= y. forall x, y. x <= y, !(y <= x) || y == x Transitive b) {(1, 2), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4, 1), (4, 3)} Not reflexive: there are no pairs of (x, x) Symmetric - all pairs have their reverse represented Not antisymmetric: symmetric and anti-symmetric are mutually exclusive Not transitive: (1, 2) and (2, 3) - 1 + 3 is not odd 2. {(item, quantity)} {(Name, {(key, value)})} {(Name, Address, {(Room type, price, {(key, value)})}, ...)} 3. 105 305 306 505 705 707 905 906 909 4. a) ab ac bc cb b) {(a, a), (a, b), (a, c), (b, b), (b, a), (b, c), (c, a), (c, b), (d, d)} 5.a) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4), (4, 1), (4, 3), (4, 4)} Not reflexive: (2, 2) is not present Symmetric, therefore not anti-symmetric Not transitive: (1, 2) and (2, 3), but not (1, 3) b) 12 21 14 41 32 23 43 34 Not reflexive Symmetric, therefore not antisymmetric Not transitive: 12 and 23 but not 13 6. 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 Yes, it's reflexive 8. {(a, b) | a divides b OR b divides a} 9. No, it's not transitive. (a, b) & (b, d), but not (a, d) 10. a) Not equivalence relation: missing transitivity (1, 3) and (3, 2), but not (1, 2) b) {0}, {1, 2}, {3} 11. \forall n \in N_0: 0 + 3n 1 + 3n 2 + 3n 12. a) Y b) N: 0 is in both - not disjoint c) Y d) N: 0 is missing 13. a) 00 11 22 33 44 55 12 21 34 43 35 53 45 54 b) 00 11 22 33 44 55 01 10 23 32 45 54 c) 00 11 22 33 44 55 01 10 02 20 12 21 34 43 35 53 45 54 14. a) Y, trivially b) N: not antisymmetric ((2, 3) and (3, 2)) c) N: not reflexive (no (3, 3))